There are 3 types of penalties that can be applied to a player by checking the penalty box or by typing /penalty playername in the EQ2 chat window.

With the 1/2 DKP penalty, the player will be fined 1/2 of the base DKP earned by the raid

With the Whole DKP penalty the player will be fined the total amount that the raid earned

With the set amount penalty, the player will be fined a set amount that must be entered in the corosponding field

This penalty system was designed for players who miss raid without posting, or contacting an officer to let them know, so for the penalty to be applied they must not be marked as present.